Modern conflicts increasingly feature non-state armed groups operating outside formal international law-making processes, raising critical legal questions regarding how to…
War Crimes
This analysis explores Mark Klamberg’s study on Ukraine’s domestic prosecution of war crimes, demonstrating how national courts can serve as…
This legal analysis examines whether non-state armed groups are bound by International Humanitarian Law during internal conflicts, highlighting the fundamental…
International refugee law balances the obligation to protect victims of persecution with mechanisms that exclude perpetrators of serious crimes. Grounded…
An analytical report by IKHRW based on research by Professor Sonia Hernández Pradas details the legal obligations of non-state armed…
The escalating conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran is causing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. Beyond the military and…
A legal critique of the Geneva Call deed of commitment signed by the Kurdistan Freedom Party (PAK), evaluating the deep…
This analytical commentary by Hirad Rahmanpour examines the systematic targeting of Iranian civilian infrastructure—including power plants, schools, and hospitals—during the…
This report analyzes the attacks by the United States and Israel on Iranian soil from the perspective of International Humanitarian…
Dr. Heibatullah Nezhandimanesh, a faculty member at Allameh Tabataba'i University, provides a rigorous legal analysis of the international responsibility of…