Non-State Armed Groups

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When Non-State Actors Enter a Legal Void

A legal study by Dr. Mohammad Ghazi Janabi examines whether non-state armed groups possessing military capabilities, territorial control, and cross-border…

Article

The Last Genocide Against the Yazidis

A legal study by scholar Hawre Ahmed Mohammed analyzes the 2014 ISIS campaign against the Yazidi population, demonstrating how mass…

Report

A Fifteen-Year-Old, Twenty-Five Days in the Mountains: A Former Komala Recruit’s Testimony

This exclusive testimony details how a fifteen-year-old Iranian youth was deceptively recruited into the armed group Komala via social media…

Report

“Joined Out of Fear of Homelessness”: Sadia’s Account of Ten Months with the PDKI

In an exclusive interview with IKHRW, a former female member of the PDKI details her ten-month ordeal inside mountain camps,…

Article

Jan Kleffner and the Humanitarian Obligations of Non-State Armed Groups: From Conflict Thresholds to Unilateral Commitments

This legal analysis examines Jan Kleffner's research on international humanitarian law and non-state armed groups, focusing on conflict thresholds, legal…

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Voluntary Commitments of Armed Groups: Strengthening Compliance with the Laws of War or Threatening Accountability?

Modern conflicts increasingly feature non-state armed groups operating outside formal international law-making processes, raising critical legal questions regarding how to…

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From Foreign Support to Military Intervention: The Legal Boundary Between Civil War and International Armed Conflict in Sudan

This legal analysis examines when foreign state assistance transforms a non-international armed conflict into an international one, using the ongoing…

Report

War Reparations, Political Legitimacy, and Legal Accountability: Lessons from the Taliban Case Against Germany

An analysis of the Taliban’s reparations demand against Germany highlights critical international law barriers, including diplomatic representation, court jurisdiction, and…

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When Non-State Armed Groups Enter the International Law Arena: Why Do the Laws of War Bind Them?

Jann K. Kleffner's legal analysis examines why non-state armed groups remain strictly bound by international humanitarian law during non-international armed…

Article

Non-State Armed Groups vs. International Humanitarian Law: Why Civilian Protection Has Become the Central Challenge of Internal Conflicts

This legal analysis examines whether non-state armed groups are bound by International Humanitarian Law during internal conflicts, highlighting the fundamental…

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